使用 Docker 搭建离线数仓环境_Vicky_Tang

前言

使用版本：

软件名称	版本
MySQL	5.5.40
JDK	1.8
Hadoop	3.2.1
Hive	3.1.2
Sqoop	1.4.47
Flume	1.9.0

一、Docker安装

1.1 Centos Docker安装

# 镜像比较大, 需要准备一个网络稳定的环境
# 其中--mirror Aliyun代表使用阿里源
curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | bash -s docker --mirror Aliyun

1.2 Ubuntu Docker安装【推荐】

curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | bash -s docker --mirror Aliyun

1.3 MacOs Docker安装

# 下载安装包, 拖动安装即可
https://hub.docker.com/editions/community/docker-ce-desktop-mac/

1.4 Windows Docker安装【不推荐】

# win10家庭版 【参考】
https://docs.docker.com/docker-for-windows/install-windows-home/

# win10专业版、商业版或教育版 【参考】
https://docs.docker.com/docker-for-windows/install/

二、容器准备

2.1 拉取镜像

docker pull centos:7

2.2 启动并创建容器

docker run -itd --privileged --name singleNode -h singleNode \
-p 2222:22 \
-p 3306:3306 \
-p 8020:8020 \
-p 9870:9870 \
-p 19888:19888 \
-p 8088:8088 \
-p 9083:9083 \
-p 10000:10000 \
-p 2181:2181 \
-p 9092:9092 \
-p 8091:8091 \
-p 8080:8080 \
-p 16010:16010 \
-p 4000:4000 \
-p 3000:3000 \
centos:7 /usr/sbin/init

# 其中端口号解释
2222:22# SSH
3306:3306 #MySQL
8020:8020 # HDFS RPC
9870:9870 # HDFS web UI
19888:19888 # Yarn job history 
8088:8088 # Yarn web UI
9083:9083 # Hive metastore
10000:10000 # HiveServer2
2181:2181 # zk
9092:9092 # kafka
8091:8091 # flink

2.3 进入容器

docker exec -it singleNode /bin/bash

三、环境准备

3.1 安装必要软件

yum clean all
yum -y install unzip bzip2-devel vim bashname
yum install kde-l10n-Chinese -y
yum install glibc-common -y
localedef -c -f UTF-8 -i zh_CN zh_CN.utf8
echo "export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8" >> /etc/locale.conf
echo "LC_ALL zh_CN.UTF-8" >> ~/.bashrc

3.2 配置SSH免密登录

# 修改root密码passwd root  # 输入两次密码# 安装必要SSH服务yum install -y openssh openssh-server openssh-clients openssl openssl-devel # 生成秘钥ssh-keygen -t rsa -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa -P '' # 配置免密cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys# 方式2: ssh-copy-id# 启动SSH服务systemctl start sshd

3.3 设置时区

cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

3.4 关闭防火墙

yum -y install firewalldsystemctl stop firewalldsystemctl disable firewalld

3.5 时间同步、静态ip、主机映射

• 由于本次课使用docker进行环境搭建，所以对于静态ip和主机映射可以不用配置
• 由于本次课搭建的是单节点的伪分布式集群，所以时间同步可以用不设置
• 如果在物理机上搭建多节点的完全分布式集群则必须配置

四、MySQL安装

4.1 上传解压安装包

cd /opt/software/tar xvf MySQL-5.5.40-1.linux2.6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

4.2 安装必要依赖

yum -y install libaio perl

4.3 安装服务端和客户端

rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.5.40-1.linux2.6.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.5.40-1.linux2.6.x86_64.rpm 

4.4 启动并配置MySQL

方式一

# 启动服务systemctl start mysql# 修改MySQL密码/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'root'# 登陆MySQL设置权限mysql -uroot -proot > update mysql.user set host='%' where host='localhost';> delete from mysql.user where host<>'%' or user='';> flush privileges;

方式二

# 启动服务systemctl start mysql# 执行MySQL的初始化/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation# 输入一次回车, 两次相同的密码进行修改密码# Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] 是否移除掉anonymous用户  n# Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] 是否允许root用户远程登录 y# Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] 是否移除掉test数据库 n# Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] 是否现在刷新权限 y# 登陆MySQL设置权限mysql -uroot -proot > update mysql.user set host='%' where host='localhost';> delete from mysql.user where host<>'%' or user='';> flush privileges;

五、安装JDK

5.1 上传并解压

tar zxvf /opt/software/jdk-8u171-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /opt/install/ln -s /opt/install/jdk1.8.0_171 /opt/install/java

5.2 配置环境变量

环境变量配置在 ~/.bashrc 里

vi ~/.bashrc-------------------------------------------export JAVA_HOME=/opt/install/javaexport PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH-------------------------------------------source ~/.bashrc

5.3 查看版本

java -version

六、Hadoop安装

6.1 上传并解压

tar zxvf hadoop-3.2.1.tar.gz -C /opt/install/ln -s /opt/install/hadoop-3.2.1/ /opt/install/hadoop

6.2 修改配置

# 进入路径cd /opt/install/hadoop/etc/hadoop/

6.2.1 配置core-site.xml

vi core-site.xml-------------------------------------------<configuration>    <property>        <name>fs.defaultFS</name>        <value>hdfs://singleNode:8020</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>        <value>/opt/install/hadoop/data</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>hadoop.proxyuser.root.hosts</name>        <value>*</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>hadoop.proxyuser.root.groups</name>        <value>*</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>hadoop.http.staticuser.user</name>        <value>root</value>    </property></configuration>-------------------------------------------

6.2.2 配置hdfs-site.xml

vi hdfs-site.xml-------------------------------------------<configuration>    <property>        <name>dfs.replication</name>        <value>1</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>        <value>singleNode:9868</value>    </property></configuration>-------------------------------------------

6.2.3 配置mapred-site.xml

vi mapred-site.xml-------------------------------------------<configuration>  <property>    <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>    <value>yarn</value>  </property>  <property>    <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>    <value>singleNode:10020</value>  </property>  <property>    <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>    <value>singleNode:19888</value>  </property></configuration>-------------------------------------------

6.2.4 配置yarn-site.xml

vi yarn-site.xml-------------------------------------------<configuration>    <property>        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>        <value>singleNode</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>yarn.nodemanager.env-whitelist</name>        <value>JAVA_HOME,HADOOP_COMMON_HOME,HADOOP_HDFS_HOME,HADOOP_CONF_DIR,CLASSPATH_PREPEND_DISTCACHE,HADOOP_YARN_HOME,HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>yarn.scheduler.minimum-allocation-mb</name>        <value>512</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>yarn.scheduler.maximum-allocation-mb</name>        <value>4096</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>yarn.nodemanager.resource.memory-mb</name>        <value>4096</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>yarn.nodemanager.pmem-check-enabled</name>        <value>false</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>yarn.nodemanager.vmem-check-enabled</name>        <value>false</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>yarn.log-aggregation-enable</name>        <value>true</value>    </property>    <property>          <name>yarn.log.server.url</name>          <value>http://${yarn.timeline-service.webapp.address}/applicationhistory/logs</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>yarn.log-aggregation.retain-seconds</name>        <value>604800</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>yarn.timeline-service.enabled</name>        <value>true</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>yarn.timeline-service.hostname</name>        <value>${yarn.resourcemanager.hostname}</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>yarn.timeline-service.http-cross-origin.enabled</name>        <value>true</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.system-metrics-publisher.enabled</name>        <value>true</value>    </property></configuration>-------------------------------------------

6.2.5 配置hadoop-env.sh

vi hadoop-env.sh-------------------------------------------export JAVA_HOME=/opt/install/java-------------------------------------------

6.2.6 配置mapred-env.sh

vi mapred-env.sh-------------------------------------------export JAVA_HOME=/opt/install/java-------------------------------------------

6.2.7 配置yarn-env.sh

vi yarn-env.sh-------------------------------------------export JAVA_HOME=/opt/install/java-------------------------------------------

6.2.8 配置works

vi works-------------------------------------------singleNode-------------------------------------------

6.3 添加变量

vi ~/.bashrc------------------------------------------------export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/install/hadoopexport HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoopexport PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$PATH------------------------------------------------vi $HADOOP_HOME/sbin/start-dfs.shvi $HADOOP_HOME/sbin/stop-dfs.sh------------------------------------------------HDFS_NAMENODE_USER=root HDFS_DATANODE_USER=root HDFS_SECONDARYNAMENODE_USER=root YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_USER=root YARN_NODEMANAGER_USER=root------------------------------------------------vi $HADOOP_HOME/sbin/start-yarn.shvi $HADOOP_HOME/sbin/stop-yarn.sh------------------------------------------------YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_USER=root HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=yarn YARN_NODEMANAGER_USER=root------------------------------------------------

6.4 HDFS格式化

hdfs namenode -format

6.5 启动Hadoop服务

# 启动HDFS$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/start-dfs.sh# 启动yarn$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/start-yarn.sh# 启动历史服务器mapred --daemon start historyserver

6.6 Web端查看

查看9870端口

查看8088端口

七、Hive安装

7.1 上传并解压

tar zxvf /opt/software/apache-hive-3.1.2-bin.tar.gz -C /opt/install/ln -s /opt/install/apache-hive-3.1.2-bin/ /opt/install/hive

7.2 修改配置

# 进入路径cd /opt/install/hive/conf/

7.2.1 修改hive-site.xml

cp hive-default.xml.template hive-site.xmlvi hive-site.xml-------------------------------------------<configuration>    <property>        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>        <value>jdbc:mysql://singleNode:3306/metastore?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>        <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>        <value>root</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>        <value>root</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>        <value>/user/hive/warehouse</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>hive.metastore.schema.verification</name>        <value>false</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>hive.metastore.uris</name>        <value>thrift://singleNode:9083</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>hive.server2.thrift.port</name>        <value>10000</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>hive.server2.thrift.bind.host</name>        <value>singleNode</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>hive.metastore.event.db.notification.api.auth</name>        <value>false</value>    </property></configuration>-------------------------------------------

7.2.2 修改hive-env.sh

cp hive-env.sh.template hive-env.shvi hive-env.sh-------------------------------------------HADOOP_HOME=/opt/install/hadoop-------------------------------------------

7.3 添加依赖包

cp /opt/software/mysql-connector-java-5.1.31.jar /opt/install/hive/lib/

7.4 添加环境变量

vi ~/.bashrc------------------------------------------------export HIVE_HOME=/opt/install/hiveexport PATH=$HIVE_HOME/bin:$PATH------------------------------------------------

7.5 启动服务

# 初始化元数据表schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema# 启动hiveserver2服务nohup hive --service hiveserver2 &#############报错 Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoSuchMethodError ################# jar 包冲突, 需要删除低版本包rm -rf /opt/install/hive/lib/guava-19.0.jarcp /opt/install/hadoop/share/hadoop/common/lib/guava-27.0-jre.jar /opt/install/hive/lib/

7.6 Jps查看

八、Sqoop安装

8.1 上传并解压

tar zxvf sqoop-1.4.7.bin__hadoop-2.6.0.tar.gz -C /opt/install/ln -s /opt/install/sqoop-1.4.7.bin__hadoop-2.6.0/ /opt/install/sqoop

8.2 修改sqoop-env.sh

cd /opt/install/sqoop/conf/cp sqoop-env-template.sh sqoop-env.shvi sqoop-env.sh-------------------------------------------#Set path to where bin/hadoop is availableexport HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=/opt/install/hadoop#Set path to where hadoop-*-core.jar is availableexport HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=/opt/install/hadoop#Set the path to where bin/hive is availableexport HIVE_HOME=/opt/install/hive-------------------------------------------

8.3 添加依赖包

cp /opt/software/mysql-connector-java-5.1.31.jar /opt/install/sqoop/lib/cp /opt/software/commons-lang-2.6.jar /opt/install/sqoop/lib/cp /opt/software/java-json.jar /opt/install/sqoop/lib/

8.4 添加环境变量

vi ~/.bashrc------------------------------------------------export SQOOP_HOME=/opt/install/sqoopexport PATH=$SQOOP_HOME/bin:$PATH------------------------------------------------

8.5 查看版本

sqoop version

九、Flume安装

9.1 上传并解压

tar zxvf /opt/software/apache-flume-1.9.0-bin.tar.gz -C /opt/install/cd /opt/install/ln -s apache-flume-1.9.0-bin/ flume

9.2 删除依赖

cd flume/rm -rf lib/guava-11.0.2.jar

9.3 添加环境变量

vi ~/.bashrc---------------------export FLUME_HOME=/opt/install/flumeexport PATH=$FLUME_HOME/bin:$PATH---------------------source ~/.bashrc

附录

本文所使用的安装包存放地址：
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1F2lXHEP3-6_mDPp2L5oEjg
提取码：vick