问题解决：java.nio.charset.MalformedInputException: Input length = 1

一、问题场景

在开发时需要将服务器jar包拿到本地进行运行（配置文件在nacos），在windows11 cmd 中运行与服务器同样命令 java -jar xx.jar 时抛错。

二、具体报错

via location 'nacos:xxxx.yaml?refresh=true' cannot be found        at org.springframework.boot.context.config.ConfigDataResourceNotFoundException.withLocation(ConfigDataResourceNotFoundException.java:97)        at org.springframework.boot.context.config.ConfigDataImporter.handle(ConfigDataImporter.java:145)        at org.springframework.boot.context.config.ConfigDataImporter.load(ConfigDataImporter.java:136)        at org.springframework.boot.context.config.ConfigDataImporter.resolveAndLoad(ConfigDataImporter.java:86)        at org.springframework.boot.context.config.ConfigDataEnvironmentContributors.withProcessedImports(ConfigDataEnvironmentContributors.java:115)        at org.springframework.boot.context.config.ConfigDataEnvironment.processWithProfiles(ConfigDataEnvironment.java:313)        at org.springframework.boot.context.config.ConfigDataEnvironment.processAndApply(ConfigDataEnvironment.java:234)        at org.springframework.boot.context.config.ConfigDataEnvironmentPostProcessor.postProcessEnvironment(ConfigDataEnvironmentPostProcessor.java:96)        at org.springframework.boot.context.config.ConfigDataEnvironmentPostProcessor.postProcessEnvironment(ConfigDataEnvironmentPostProcessor.java:89)        at org.springframework.boot.env.EnvironmentPostProcessorApplicationListener.onApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent(EnvironmentPostProcessorApplicationListener.java:109)        at org.springframework.boot.env.EnvironmentPostProcessorApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent(EnvironmentPostProcessorApplicationListener.java:94)        at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.doInvokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:176)        at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.invokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:169)        at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:143)        at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:131)        at org.springframework.boot.context.event.EventPublishingRunListener.multicastInitialEvent(EventPublishingRunListener.java:136)        at org.springframework.boot.context.event.EventPublishingRunListener.environmentPrepared(EventPublishingRunListener.java:81)        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.lambda$environmentPrepared$2(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:64)        at java.base/java.lang.Iterable.forEach(Iterable.java:75)        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.doWithListeners(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:118)        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.doWithListeners(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:112)        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.environmentPrepared(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:63)        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.prepareEnvironment(SpringApplication.java:352)        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:303)        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1302)        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1291)        at com.sddep.dtp.user.UserApplication.main(UserApplication.java:18)        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)        at org.springframework.boot.loader.MainMethodRunner.run(MainMethodRunner.java:49)        at org.springframework.boot.loader.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:95)        at org.springframework.boot.loader.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:58)        at org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher.main(JarLauncher.java:65)Caused by: org.yaml.snakeyaml.error.YAMLException: java.nio.charset.MalformedInputException: Input length = 1        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.reader.StreamReader.update(StreamReader.java:211)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.reader.StreamReader.ensureEnoughData(StreamReader.java:169)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.reader.StreamReader.prefix(StreamReader.java:141)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.scanner.ScannerImpl.scanPlainSpaces(ScannerImpl.java:2142)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.scanner.ScannerImpl.scanPlain(ScannerImpl.java:2077)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.scanner.ScannerImpl.fetchPlain(ScannerImpl.java:1099)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.scanner.ScannerImpl.fetchMoreTokens(ScannerImpl.java:457)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.scanner.ScannerImpl.checkToken(ScannerImpl.java:263)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.parser.ParserImpl$ParseBlockMappingValue.produce(ParserImpl.java:694)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.parser.ParserImpl.peekEvent(ParserImpl.java:185)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.comments.CommentEventsCollector$1.peek(CommentEventsCollector.java:57)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.comments.CommentEventsCollector$1.peek(CommentEventsCollector.java:43)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.comments.CommentEventsCollector.collectEvents(CommentEventsCollector.java:136)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.comments.CommentEventsCollector.collectEvents(CommentEventsCollector.java:116)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.composer.Composer.composeScalarNode(Composer.java:239)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.composer.Composer.composeNode(Composer.java:208)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.composer.Composer.composeKeyNode(Composer.java:347)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.composer.Composer.composeMappingChildren(Composer.java:332)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.composer.Composer.composeMappingNode(Composer.java:311)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.composer.Composer.composeNode(Composer.java:212)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.composer.Composer.composeValueNode(Composer.java:357)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.composer.Composer.composeMappingChildren(Composer.java:336)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.composer.Composer.composeMappingNode(Composer.java:311)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.composer.Composer.composeNode(Composer.java:212)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.composer.Composer.composeValueNode(Composer.java:357)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.composer.Composer.composeMappingChildren(Composer.java:336)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.composer.Composer.composeMappingNode(Composer.java:311)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.composer.Composer.composeNode(Composer.java:212)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.composer.Composer.getNode(Composer.java:134)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor.BaseConstructor.getData(BaseConstructor.java:168)        at org.springframework.boot.env.OriginTrackedYamlLoader$OriginTrackingConstructor.getData(OriginTrackedYamlLoader.java:98)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.Yaml$1.next(Yaml.java:499)        at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.YamlProcessor.process(YamlProcessor.java:199)        at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.YamlProcessor.process(YamlProcessor.java:166)        at org.springframework.boot.env.OriginTrackedYamlLoader.load(OriginTrackedYamlLoader.java:83)        at org.springframework.boot.env.YamlPropertySourceLoader.load(YamlPropertySourceLoader.java:50)        at com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.parser.NacosDataParserHandler.parseNacosData(NacosDataParserHandler.java:92)        at com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.configdata.NacosConfigDataLoader.pullConfig(NacosConfigDataLoader.java:145)        at com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.configdata.NacosConfigDataLoader.doLoad(NacosConfigDataLoader.java:82)        at com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.configdata.NacosConfigDataLoader.load(NacosConfigDataLoader.java:69)        at com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.configdata.NacosConfigDataLoader.load(NacosConfigDataLoader.java:58)        at org.springframework.boot.context.config.ConfigDataLoaders.load(ConfigDataLoaders.java:96)        at org.springframework.boot.context.config.ConfigDataImporter.load(ConfigDataImporter.java:128)        ... 32 common frames omittedCaused by: java.nio.charset.MalformedInputException: Input length = 1        at java.base/java.nio.charset.CoderResult.throwException(CoderResult.java:274)        at java.base/sun.nio.cs.StreamDecoder.implRead(StreamDecoder.java:326)        at java.base/sun.nio.cs.StreamDecoder.read(StreamDecoder.java:188)        at java.base/java.io.InputStreamReader.read(InputStreamReader.java:177)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.reader.UnicodeReader.read(UnicodeReader.java:118)        at org.yaml.snakeyaml.reader.StreamReader.update(StreamReader.java:176)        ... 74 common frames omitted

三、问题排查

1. jdk版本一致

2.运行命令一致

3.路径编码无中文

四、原因分析

Windows下运行jar读取Nacos配置文件乱码导致启动失败

Linux 默认编码为 UTF-8 （65001） 、Windows 默认编码 GBK（936）

五、解决方法

方案①：添加启动参数

 添加参数 -Dfile.encoding=utf-8 ，如果是多jdk环境，考虑切换到jdk路径下使用./java 运行

java -jar -Dfile.encoding=utf-8 "xxx.jar"

如果报错 Error: Unable to access jarfile .encoding=utf-8

说明缺少系统环境变量

方案②：修改系统默认编码

cmd 运行 chcp 查看当前编码：

修改当前窗口编码：

或者

修改全局编码：

到达 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Command Processor 目录下

右键——新建——字符串值
重命名：autorun

双击修改数值数据

最后直接运行

java -jar xx.jar 即可