学习 Python 之 Pygame 开发坦克大战（五）

学习 Python 之 Pygame 开发坦克大战（五）

坦克大战完善地图1. 创建砖墙2. 给砖墙增加子弹击中的碰撞效果3. 给砖墙添加坦克不能通过的碰撞效果4. 添加石墙5. 添加玩家基地6. 最终效果

坦克大战完善地图

我的素材放到了百度网盘里，里面还有原版坦克大战素材，我都放在一起来，我的素材是从原版改的，各位小伙伴可以直接用或者自己改一下再用，做出适合自己的素材

素材链接：百度网盘
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/19sCyH7rp37f6DzRj0iXDCA?pwd=tkdz
提取码：tkdz

那我们就继续编写坦克大战吧

1. 创建砖墙

坦克大战中，砖墙是最常见的墙，子弹都可以轻松击穿，下面我们来加入到自己的坦克大战中

创建砖墙类

import pygame.imagefrom ParentObject import ParentObjectclass BrickWall(ParentObject):    def __init__(self, x, y):        super().__init__()        self.image = pygame.image.load('../Image/Wall/BrickWall.png')        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()        self.rect.left = x        self.rect.top = y        self.isDestroy = False    def draw(self, window):        window.blit(self.image, self.rect)

在主类中加入砖墙列表

class MainGame:    ...    # 砖墙    brickWallList = []    ...

在主类中加入初始化砖墙函数和显示砖墙函数

def drawBrickWall(self, brickWallList):    for brickWall in brickWallList:        if brickWall.isDestroy:            brickWallList.remove(brickWall)        else:            brickWall.draw(MainGame.window)def initBrickWall(self):    for i in range(20):        MainGame.brickWallList.append(BrickWall(i * 25, 200))

这里我在y = 200的位置，连续画出20个砖，砖的图片是25x25的，所以为了防止重叠，要间隔25个距离（像素）

在主函数startGame()函数中调用函数

def startGame(self):    # 初始化展示模块    pygame.display.init()    # 设置窗口大小    size = (SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)    # 初始化窗口    MainGame.window = pygame.display.set_mode(size)    # 设置窗口标题    pygame.display.set_caption('Tank Battle')    # 初始化我方坦克    MainGame.playerTank = PlayerTank(PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[0], PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[1], 1, 1)    # 播放开始音乐    MainGame.startingSound.play()        # 初始化场景    self.initBrickWall()    while 1:        # 设置背景颜色        MainGame.window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)        # 获取窗口事件        self.getPlayingModeEvent()                # 显示物体        self.drawBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList)        # 展示敌方坦克        self.drawEnemyTank()        # 显示我方坦克        MainGame.playerTank.draw(MainGame.window, PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[0], PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[1])        # 我方坦克移动        if not MainGame.playerTank.stop:            MainGame.playerTank.move()            MainGame.playerTank.collideEnemyTank(MainGame.enemyTankList)        # 显示我方坦克子弹        self.drawPlayerBullet(MainGame.playerBulletList)        # 展示敌方坦克子弹        self.drawEnemyBullet()        # 展示爆炸效果        self.drawExplode()        # 更新窗口        pygame.display.update()

运行一下，看看结果

但是墙只是摆设，子弹可以穿过，坦克也可以穿过，下面给墙增加碰撞效果

2. 给砖墙增加子弹击中的碰撞效果

在子弹类中增加函数

def bulletCollideBrickWall(self, brickWallList, explodeList):    for brickWall in brickWallList:        # 子弹与墙发生碰撞        if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(self, brickWall):            self.isDestroy = True            brickWall.isDestroy = True            # 碰撞出现爆炸效果            explode = Explode(brickWall, 25)            explodeList.append(explode)            # 出现爆炸播放音效            Sound('../Sound/block.wav').play()

在主函数中调用
修改显示子弹的两个函数

def drawPlayerBullet(self, playerBulletList):    # 遍历整个子弹列表，如果是没有被销毁的状态，就把子弹显示出来，否则从列表中删除    for bullet in playerBulletList:        if not bullet.isDestroy:            bullet.draw(MainGame.window)            bullet.move(MainGame.explodeList)            bullet.playerBulletCollideEnemyTank(MainGame.enemyTankList, MainGame.explodeList)            bullet.bulletCollideBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList, MainGame.explodeList)        else:            playerBulletList.remove(bullet)

def drawEnemyBullet(self):    for bullet in MainGame.enemyTankBulletList:        if not bullet.isDestroy:            bullet.draw(MainGame.window)            bullet.move(MainGame.explodeList)            bullet.enemyBulletCollidePlayerTank(MainGame.playerTank, MainGame.explodeList)            bullet.bulletCollideBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList, MainGame.explodeList)        else:            bullet.source.bulletCount -= 1            MainGame.enemyTankBulletList.remove(bullet)

运行一下看看

可以看到墙可以被打掉了

3. 给砖墙添加坦克不能通过的碰撞效果

在敌方坦克类中加入函数，在我方坦克类中加入函数
collideBrickWall()

def collideBrickWall(self, brickWallList):    for brickWall in brickWallList:        if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(self, brickWall):            self.rect.left = self.prvX            self.rect.top = self.prvY

在主类中调用
在while循环中调用

while 1:    # 设置背景颜色    MainGame.window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)    # 获取窗口事件    self.getPlayingModeEvent()    # 显示物体    self.drawBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList)    # 展示敌方坦克    self.drawEnemyTank()    # 显示我方坦克    MainGame.playerTank.draw(MainGame.window, PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[0], PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[1])    # 我方坦克移动    if not MainGame.playerTank.stop:        MainGame.playerTank.move()        MainGame.playerTank.collideEnemyTank(MainGame.enemyTankList)        # 不能撞墙        MainGame.playerTank.collideBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList)

在主类的drawEnemyTank()中调用

def drawEnemyTank(self):    ...    for tank in MainGame.enemyTankList:        # 坦克还有生命值        if tank.life > 0:            tank.draw(MainGame.window)            tank.move()            tank.collidePlayerTank(MainGame.playerTank)            tank.collideEnemyTank(MainGame.enemyTankList)            # 不能撞墙            tank.collideBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList)            bullet = tank.shot()            if bullet is not None:                MainGame.enemyTankBulletList.append(bullet)        # 坦克生命值为0，就从列表中剔除        else:            MainGame.enemyTankCurrentCount -= 1            MainGame.enemyTankList.remove(tank)

运行一下，看看效果

确实是不能穿过了
那就完成啦，接下来就是添加其他的物体了
添加的过程跟添加砖墙是一样的

4. 添加石墙

创建石墙类

import pygame.imagefrom ParentObject import ParentObjectclass StoneWall(ParentObject):    def __init__(self, x, y):        super().__init__()        self.image = pygame.image.load('../Image/Wall/StoneWall.png')        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()        self.rect.left = x        self.rect.top = y        self.isDestroy = False    def draw(self, window):        window.blit(self.image, self.rect)

在主类中加入石墙列表
在主类中加入显示石墙函数

def initStoneWall(self):    for i in range(20):        MainGame.stoneWallList.append(StoneWall(i * 25, 400))        def drawStoneWall(self, stoneWallList):    for stoneWall in stoneWallList:        if stoneWall.isDestroy:            stoneWallList.remove(stoneWall)        else:            stoneWall.draw(MainGame.window)

给石墙添加坦克不能通过的碰撞效果
在敌方坦克类中加入函数，在我方坦克类中加入函数
collideStoneWall()

def collideStoneWall(self, stoneWallList):    for stoneWall in stoneWallList:        if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(self, stoneWall):            self.rect.left = self.prvX            self.rect.top = self.prvY

在主类中调用函数

接下来是给子弹添加打击石墙的效果

def bulletCollideStoneWall(self, stoneWallList, explodeList):    for stoneWall in stoneWallList:        if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(self, stoneWall):            # 判断坦克的等级，大于等于2时，可以打穿石墙            if self.source.level >= 2:                stoneWall.isDestroy = True            self.isDestroy = True            explode = Explode(stoneWall, 25)            explodeList.append(explode)            Sound('../Sound/block.wav').play()

在主类中调用函数

主类的完整代码

import pygameimport sysfrom PlayerTank import PlayerTankfrom EnemyTank import EnemyTankfrom Sound import Soundfrom BrickWall import BrickWallfrom StoneWall import StoneWallSCREEN_WIDTH = 1100SCREEN_HEIGHT = 600BACKGROUND_COLOR = pygame.Color(0, 0, 0)FONT_COLOR = (255, 255, 255)PLAYER_TANK_POSITION = (325, 550)class MainGame:    # 窗口Surface对象    window = None    # 玩家坦克    playerTank = None    # 玩家子弹    playerBulletList = []    playerBulletNumber = 3    # 敌人坦克    enemyTankList = []    enemyTankTotalCount = 5    # 用来给玩家展示坦克的数量    enemyTankCurrentCount = 5    # 敌人坦克子弹    enemyTankBulletList = []    # 爆炸列表    explodeList = []    # 坦克移动音效    playerTankMoveSound = Sound('../Sound/player.move.wav').setVolume()    # 游戏开始音效    startingSound = Sound('../Sound/intro.wav')    # 砖墙    brickWallList = []    # 石墙    stoneWallList = []    def __init__(self):        pass    def startGame(self):        # 初始化展示模块        pygame.display.init()        # 设置窗口大小        size = (SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)        # 初始化窗口        MainGame.window = pygame.display.set_mode(size)        # 设置窗口标题        pygame.display.set_caption('Tank Battle')        # 初始化我方坦克        MainGame.playerTank = PlayerTank(PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[0], PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[1], 1, 1)        # 播放开始音乐        MainGame.startingSound.play()        # 初始化场景        self.initBrickWall()        self.initStoneWall()        while 1:            # 设置背景颜色            MainGame.window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)            # 获取窗口事件            self.getPlayingModeEvent()            # 显示物体            self.drawBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList)            self.drawStoneWall(MainGame.stoneWallList)            # 展示敌方坦克            self.drawEnemyTank()            # 显示我方坦克            MainGame.playerTank.draw(MainGame.window, PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[0], PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[1])            # 我方坦克移动            if not MainGame.playerTank.stop:                MainGame.playerTank.move()                MainGame.playerTank.collideEnemyTank(MainGame.enemyTankList)                MainGame.playerTank.collideBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList)                MainGame.playerTank.collideStoneWall(MainGame.stoneWallList)            # 显示我方坦克子弹            self.drawPlayerBullet(MainGame.playerBulletList)            # 展示敌方坦克子弹            self.drawEnemyBullet()            # 展示爆炸效果            self.drawExplode()            # 更新窗口            pygame.display.update()                def getPlayingModeEvent(self):        # 获取所有事件        eventList = pygame.event.get()        for event in eventList:            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:                sys.exit()            """            stop属性用来控制坦克移动，当键盘按键按下时，坦克可以移动，一直按住一直移动，当按键抬起时，停止移动            如果没有该属性，按一下按键移动一次，按一下移动一下，不能一直按住一直移动            """            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:                MainGame.playerTankMoveSound.play(-1)                if event.key == pygame.K_w:                    MainGame.playerTank.direction = 'UP'                    MainGame.playerTank.stop = False                elif event.key == pygame.K_s:                    MainGame.playerTank.direction = 'DOWN'                    MainGame.playerTank.stop = False                elif event.key == pygame.K_a:                    MainGame.playerTank.direction = 'LEFT'                    MainGame.playerTank.stop = False                elif event.key == pygame.K_d:                    MainGame.playerTank.direction = 'RIGHT'                    MainGame.playerTank.stop = False                elif event.key == pygame.K_j:                    # 判断子弹数量是否超过指定的个数                    if len(MainGame.playerBulletList) < MainGame.playerBulletNumber:                        bullet = MainGame.playerTank.shot()                        MainGame.playerBulletList.append(bullet)                        # 添加音效                        Sound('../Sound/shoot.wav').play(0)            if event.type == pygame.KEYUP:                MainGame.playerTankMoveSound.stop()                if event.key == pygame.K_w:                    MainGame.playerTank.stop = True                elif event.key == pygame.K_s:                    MainGame.playerTank.stop = True                elif event.key == pygame.K_a:                    MainGame.playerTank.stop = True                elif event.key == pygame.K_d:                    MainGame.playerTank.stop = True    def drawPlayerBullet(self, playerBulletList):        # 遍历整个子弹列表，如果是没有被销毁的状态，就把子弹显示出来，否则从列表中删除        for bullet in playerBulletList:            if not bullet.isDestroy:                bullet.draw(MainGame.window)                bullet.move(MainGame.explodeList)                bullet.playerBulletCollideEnemyTank(MainGame.enemyTankList, MainGame.explodeList)                bullet.bulletCollideBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList, MainGame.explodeList)                bullet.bulletCollideStoneWall(MainGame.stoneWallList, MainGame.explodeList)            else:                playerBulletList.remove(bullet)    def drawEnemyTank(self):        # 如果当前坦克为0，那么就该重新生成坦克        if len(MainGame.enemyTankList) == 0:            # 一次性产生三个，如果剩余坦克数量超过三，那只能产生三个            n = min(3, MainGame.enemyTankTotalCount)            # 如果最小是0，就说明敌人坦克没有了，那么就赢了            if n == 0:                print('赢了')                return            # 没有赢的话，就产生n个坦克            self.initEnemyTank(n)            # 总个数减去产生的个数            MainGame.enemyTankTotalCount -= n        # 遍历坦克列表，展示坦克并且移动        for tank in MainGame.enemyTankList:            # 坦克还有生命值            if tank.life > 0:                tank.draw(MainGame.window)                tank.move()                tank.collidePlayerTank(MainGame.playerTank)                tank.collideEnemyTank(MainGame.enemyTankList)                tank.collideBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList)                tank.collideStoneWall(MainGame.stoneWallList)                bullet = tank.shot()                if bullet is not None:                    MainGame.enemyTankBulletList.append(bullet)            # 坦克生命值为0，就从列表中剔除            else:                MainGame.enemyTankCurrentCount -= 1                MainGame.enemyTankList.remove(tank)        def initEnemyTank(self, number):        y = 0        position = [0, 425, 850]        index = 0        for i in range(number):            x = position[index]            enemyTank = EnemyTank(x, y)            MainGame.enemyTankList.append(enemyTank)            index += 1    def drawEnemyBullet(self):        for bullet in MainGame.enemyTankBulletList:            if not bullet.isDestroy:                bullet.draw(MainGame.window)                bullet.move(MainGame.explodeList)                bullet.enemyBulletCollidePlayerTank(MainGame.playerTank, MainGame.explodeList)                bullet.bulletCollideBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList, MainGame.explodeList)                bullet.bulletCollideStoneWall(MainGame.stoneWallList, MainGame.explodeList)            else:                bullet.source.bulletCount -= 1                MainGame.enemyTankBulletList.remove(bullet)    def drawExplode(self):        for e in MainGame.explodeList:            if e.isDestroy:                MainGame.explodeList.remove(e)            else:                e.draw(MainGame.window)    def drawBrickWall(self, brickWallList):        for brickWall in brickWallList:            if brickWall.isDestroy:                brickWallList.remove(brickWall)            else:                brickWall.draw(MainGame.window)    def initBrickWall(self):        for i in range(20):            MainGame.brickWallList.append(BrickWall(i * 25, 200))    def initStoneWall(self):        for i in range(20):            MainGame.stoneWallList.append(StoneWall(i * 25, 400))    def drawStoneWall(self, stoneWallList):        for stoneWall in stoneWallList:            if stoneWall.isDestroy:                stoneWallList.remove(stoneWall)            else:                stoneWall.draw(MainGame.window)if __name__ == '__main__':    MainGame().startGame()

5. 添加玩家基地

坦克大战是玩家坦克在保护自己基地的同时消灭敌方坦克，当玩家坦克生命值为0或者基地爆炸时，游戏失败，下面来添加玩家的基地

创建基地类

import pygame.imagefrom ParentObject import ParentObjectclass Home(ParentObject):    def __init__(self, x, y):        super().__init__()        self.image = pygame.image.load('../Image/Home/Home.png')        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()        self.rect.left = x        self.rect.top = y        self.isDestroy = False    def draw(self, window):        window.blit(self.image, self.rect)

为基地添加碰撞效果，在两个坦克类中加入下面的函数

def collideHome(self, home):    if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(self, home):        self.rect.left = self.prvX        self.rect.top = self.prvY

在主函数创建基地变量，并初始化和调用上面的函数

之后给基地加入子弹击中效果

def bulletCollidePlayerHome(self, home, explodeList):    if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(self, home):        self.isDestroy = True        explode = Explode(home, 50)        explodeList.append(explode)        Sound('../Sound/buh.wav').play()        return True    else:        return False

返回值用来判断是否结束游戏
在主类中设置一个变量记录是否游戏结束

def __init__(self):# 初始化    MainGame.home = Home(425, 550)    # 记录是否输了    self.isDefeated = False

在循环中检查

while 1:...    # 检查是否输了    if self.isDefeated:        self.defeated()        break    ...

def defeated(self):    # 失败了坦克不能移动了    MainGame.playerTankMoveSound.stop()    # 播放失败音乐    Sound('../Sound/gameOver.wav').play()    print('游戏结束')    self.isDefeated = True

游戏结束后要改变窗口中的内容，显示你输了，所以要用break跳出

这里需要使用到在窗口显示文字，编写一个函数

def drawText(self, text, x, y, fontSize, window):    # 初始化字体    pygame.font.init()    font = pygame.font.SysFont('georgia', fontSize)    # 加载文字并设置颜色    fontColor = pygame.Color(255, 255, 255)    fontObject = font.render(text, True, fontColor)    # 展示文字    window.blit(fontObject, (x, y))

记得在主函数中调用

while 1:    # 设置背景颜色    MainGame.window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)    # 获取窗口事件    self.getPlayingModeEvent()    # 显示物体    self.drawBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList)    self.drawStoneWall(MainGame.stoneWallList)    MainGame.home.draw(MainGame.window)    # 展示敌方坦克    self.drawEnemyTank()    # 显示我方坦克    MainGame.playerTank.draw(MainGame.window, PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[0], PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[1])    # 我方坦克移动    if not MainGame.playerTank.stop:        MainGame.playerTank.move()        MainGame.playerTank.collideEnemyTank(MainGame.enemyTankList)        MainGame.playerTank.collideBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList)        MainGame.playerTank.collideStoneWall(MainGame.stoneWallList)        MainGame.playerTank.collideHome(MainGame.home)    # 显示我方坦克子弹    self.drawPlayerBullet(MainGame.playerBulletList)    # 展示敌方坦克子弹    self.drawEnemyBullet()    # 展示爆炸效果    self.drawExplode()    # 检查是否输了    if self.isDefeated:        self.defeated()        break    # 更新窗口    pygame.display.update()# 设置背景颜色MainGame.window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)# 显示字体self.drawText('Defeated', 200, 200, 50, MainGame.window)# 更新窗口pygame.display.update()

给玩家提示敌人坦克数量

到这里，坦克大战的基本功能就实现了，接下来就是添加其他的场景物体和坦克样子了

6. 最终效果

主界面，这里直接放了一张图片上去，图片在素材里，上面的坦克是自己画上去的，w和s键可以上下移动坦克，选择对应的模式

选择关卡，这里使用用了四张图片，左右箭头，上面的标题和start文字，这些都是图片，按下黄色箭头可以选择关卡，使用的鼠标事件

游戏界面

其中加入了奖励功能

地图制作可以使用excel读取信息，下面是第一关的地图

坦克大战代码

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1qFV-0hi0cgZS1Hnvx6mK6Q?pwd=90tk
提取码：90tk