本文介绍如何在docker容器下安装部署nacos最新版本2.2.0。
一、单机本地配置
1.1 拉取nacos镜像
执行以下命令从docker远端拉取nacos镜像文件。
docker pull nacos/nacos-server1.2 启动nacos镜像
执行以下命令，以单机模式启动nacos镜像。
docker run -d --name nacos -p 8848:8848 -e PREFER_HOST_MODE=hostname -e MODE=standalone nacos/nacos-server1.3 验证nacos是否启动成功
执行以下命令，查看容器是否启动成功。
docker ps -a1.4 访问nacos管理页面
至此，nacos服务已经成功启动，通过访问地址:http:XXXX//:8848/nacos打开管理端页面。默认账号：nacos，密码：nacos。
二、单机模式支持mysql
通过以上方式是可以简单快捷的启动并使用nacos了，但nacos中的所有数据都会保存在容器内部。倘若容器迁移则nacos源数据则不复存在，所以通常我们通常会将nacos的数据保存在mysql中。
2.1 准备mysql数据库
mysql数据库的版本要求：5.6.5+。推荐5.7版本。安装好mysql数据库后，创建表nacos_config。
2.2 初始化数据库nacos_config
在nacos的安装文件夹conf目下，找到nacos-mysql.sql脚本，然后执行数据库初始化。脚本内容如下，不需要任何修改，直接复制粘贴运行就可以了。
/* * Copyright 1999-2018 Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ /******************************************//* 数据库全名 = nacos_config *//* 表名称 = config_info *//******************************************/CREATE TABLE `config_info` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id', `data_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'data_id', `group_id` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, `content` longtext NOT NULL COMMENT 'content', `md5` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'md5', `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间', `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '修改时间', `src_user` text COMMENT 'source user', `src_ip` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'source ip', `app_name` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL, `tenant_id` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '租户字段', `c_desc` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `c_use` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL, `effect` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL, `type` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL, `c_schema` text, `encrypted_data_key` text NOT NULL COMMENT '秘钥', PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `uk_configinfo_datagrouptenant` (`data_id`,`group_id`,`tenant_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='config_info'; /******************************************//* 数据库全名 = nacos_config *//* 表名称 = config_info_aggr *//******************************************/CREATE TABLE `config_info_aggr` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id', `data_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'data_id', `group_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'group_id', `datum_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'datum_id', `content` longtext NOT NULL COMMENT '内容', `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL COMMENT '修改时间', `app_name` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL, `tenant_id` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '租户字段', PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `uk_configinfoaggr_datagrouptenantdatum` (`data_id`,`group_id`,`tenant_id`,`datum_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='增加租户字段'; /******************************************//* 数据库全名 = nacos_config *//* 表名称 = config_info_beta *//******************************************/CREATE TABLE `config_info_beta` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id', `data_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'data_id', `group_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'group_id', `app_name` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'app_name', `content` longtext NOT NULL COMMENT 'content', `beta_ips` varchar(1024) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'betaIps', `md5` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'md5', `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间', `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '修改时间', `src_user` text COMMENT 'source user', `src_ip` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'source ip', `tenant_id` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '租户字段', `encrypted_data_key` text NOT NULL COMMENT '秘钥', PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `uk_configinfobeta_datagrouptenant` (`data_id`,`group_id`,`tenant_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='config_info_beta'; /******************************************//* 数据库全名 = nacos_config *//* 表名称 = config_info_tag *//******************************************/CREATE TABLE `config_info_tag` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id', `data_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'data_id', `group_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'group_id', `tenant_id` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'tenant_id', `tag_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'tag_id', `app_name` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'app_name', `content` longtext NOT NULL COMMENT 'content', `md5` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'md5', `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间', `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '修改时间', `src_user` text COMMENT 'source user', `src_ip` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'source ip', PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `uk_configinfotag_datagrouptenanttag` (`data_id`,`group_id`,`tenant_id`,`tag_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='config_info_tag'; /******************************************//* 数据库全名 = nacos_config *//* 表名称 = config_tags_relation *//******************************************/CREATE TABLE `config_tags_relation` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT 'id', `tag_name` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'tag_name', `tag_type` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'tag_type', `data_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'data_id', `group_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'group_id', `tenant_id` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'tenant_id', `nid` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, PRIMARY KEY (`nid`), UNIQUE KEY `uk_configtagrelation_configidtag` (`id`,`tag_name`,`tag_type`), KEY `idx_tenant_id` (`tenant_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='config_tag_relation'; /******************************************//* 数据库全名 = nacos_config *//* 表名称 = group_capacity *//******************************************/CREATE TABLE `group_capacity` ( `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键ID', `group_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'Group ID，空字符表示整个集群', `quota` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '配额，0表示使用默认值', `usage` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '使用量', `max_size` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '单个配置大小上限，单位为字节，0表示使用默认值', `max_aggr_count` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '聚合子配置最大个数，，0表示使用默认值', `max_aggr_size` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '单个聚合数据的子配置大小上限，单位为字节，0表示使用默认值', `max_history_count` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '最大变更历史数量', `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间', `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '修改时间', PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `uk_group_id` (`group_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='集群、各Group容量信息表'; /******************************************//* 数据库全名 = nacos_config *//* 表名称 = his_config_info *//******************************************/CREATE TABLE `his_config_info` ( `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL, `nid` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `data_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `group_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL, `app_name` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'app_name', `content` longtext NOT NULL, `md5` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL, `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, `src_user` text, `src_ip` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, `op_type` char(10) DEFAULT NULL, `tenant_id` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '租户字段', `encrypted_data_key` text NOT NULL COMMENT '秘钥', PRIMARY KEY (`nid`), KEY `idx_gmt_create` (`gmt_create`), KEY `idx_gmt_modified` (`gmt_modified`), KEY `idx_did` (`data_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='多租户改造'; /******************************************//* 数据库全名 = nacos_config *//* 表名称 = tenant_capacity *//******************************************/CREATE TABLE `tenant_capacity` ( `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键ID', `tenant_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'Tenant ID', `quota` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '配额，0表示使用默认值', `usage` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '使用量', `max_size` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '单个配置大小上限，单位为字节，0表示使用默认值', `max_aggr_count` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '聚合子配置最大个数', `max_aggr_size` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '单个聚合数据的子配置大小上限，单位为字节，0表示使用默认值', `max_history_count` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '最大变更历史数量', `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间', `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '修改时间', PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `uk_tenant_id` (`tenant_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='租户容量信息表'; CREATE TABLE `tenant_info` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id', `kp` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'kp', `tenant_id` varchar(128) default '' COMMENT 'tenant_id', `tenant_name` varchar(128) default '' COMMENT 'tenant_name', `tenant_desc` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'tenant_desc', `create_source` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'create_source', `gmt_create` bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '创建时间', `gmt_modified` bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '修改时间', PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `uk_tenant_info_kptenantid` (`kp`,`tenant_id`), KEY `idx_tenant_id` (`tenant_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='tenant_info'; CREATE TABLE `users` ( `username` varchar(50) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, `password` varchar(500) NOT NULL, `enabled` boolean NOT NULL); CREATE TABLE `roles` ( `username` varchar(50) NOT NULL, `role` varchar(50) NOT NULL, UNIQUE INDEX `idx_user_role` (`username` ASC, `role` ASC) USING BTREE); CREATE TABLE `permissions` ( `role` varchar(50) NOT NULL, `resource` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `action` varchar(8) NOT NULL, UNIQUE INDEX `uk_role_permission` (`role`,`resource`,`action`) USING BTREE); INSERT INTO users (username, password, enabled) VALUES ('nacos', '$2a$10$EuWPZHzz32dJN7jexM34MOeYirDdFAZm2kuWj7VEOJhhZkDrxfvUu', TRUE); INSERT INTO roles (username, role) VALUES ('nacos', 'ROLE_ADMIN');运行后自动创建如下表结构，其中config_info用来存储配置中心的配置信息。
2.3 创建nacos配置文件
在宿主机创建nacos配置文件application.props。内容如下：
## Copyright 1999-2021 Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.## Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.# You may obtain a copy of the License at## http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0## Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and# limitations under the License.##*************** Spring Boot Related Configurations ***************#### Default web context path:server.servlet.contextPath=/nacos### Include message fieldserver.error.include-message=ON_PARAM### Default web server port:server.port=8848#*************** Network Related Configurations ***************#### If prefer hostname over ip for Nacos server addresses in cluster.conf:# nacos.inetutils.prefer-hostname-over-ip=false### Specify local server's IP:# nacos.inetutils.ip-address=#*************** Config Module Related Configurations ***************#### If use MySQL as datasource:spring.datasource.platform=mysql### Count of DB:db.num=1### Connect URL of DB:db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3308/nacos_config?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTCdb.user.0=rootdb.password.0=111111### Connection pool configuration: hikariCPdb.pool.config.connectionTimeout=30000db.pool.config.validationTimeout=10000db.pool.config.maximumPoolSize=20db.pool.config.minimumIdle=2#*************** Naming Module Related Configurations ***************#### Data dispatch task execution period in milliseconds: Will removed on v2.1.X, replace with nacos.core.protocol.distro.data.sync.delayMs# nacos.naming.distro.taskDispatchPeriod=200### Data count of batch sync task: Will removed on v2.1.X. Deprecated# nacos.naming.distro.batchSyncKeyCount=1000### Retry delay in milliseconds if sync task failed: Will removed on v2.1.X, replace with nacos.core.protocol.distro.data.sync.retryDelayMs# nacos.naming.distro.syncRetryDelay=5000### If enable data warmup. If set to false, the server would accept request without local data preparation:# nacos.naming.data.warmup=true### If enable the instance auto expiration, kind like of health check of instance:# nacos.naming.expireInstance=true### will be removed and replaced by `nacos.naming.clean` propertiesnacos.naming.empty-service.auto-clean=truenacos.naming.empty-service.clean.initial-delay-ms=50000nacos.naming.empty-service.clean.period-time-ms=30000### Add in 2.0.0### The interval to clean empty service, unit: milliseconds.# nacos.naming.clean.empty-service.interval=60000### The expired time to clean empty service, unit: milliseconds.# nacos.naming.clean.empty-service.expired-time=60000### The interval to clean expired metadata, unit: milliseconds.# nacos.naming.clean.expired-metadata.interval=5000### The expired time to clean metadata, unit: milliseconds.# nacos.naming.clean.expired-metadata.expired-time=60000### The delay time before push task to execute from service changed, unit: milliseconds.# nacos.naming.push.pushTaskDelay=500### The timeout for push task execute, unit: milliseconds.# nacos.naming.push.pushTaskTimeout=5000### The delay time for retrying failed push task, unit: milliseconds.# nacos.naming.push.pushTaskRetryDelay=1000### Since 2.0.3### The expired time for inactive client, unit: milliseconds.# nacos.naming.client.expired.time=180000#*************** CMDB Module Related Configurations ***************#### The interval to dump external CMDB in seconds:# nacos.cmdb.dumpTaskInterval=3600### The interval of polling data change event in seconds:# nacos.cmdb.eventTaskInterval=10### The interval of loading labels in seconds:# nacos.cmdb.labelTaskInterval=300### If turn on data loading task:# nacos.cmdb.loadDataAtStart=false#*************** Metrics Related Configurations ***************#### Metrics for prometheus#management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*### Metrics for elastic searchmanagement.metrics.export.elastic.enabled=false#management.metrics.export.elastic.host=http://localhost:9200### Metrics for influxmanagement.metrics.export.influx.enabled=false#management.metrics.export.influx.db=springboot#management.metrics.export.influx.uri=http://localhost:8086#management.metrics.export.influx.auto-create-db=true#management.metrics.export.influx.consistency=one#management.metrics.export.influx.compressed=true#*************** Access Log Related Configurations ***************#### If turn on the access log:server.tomcat.accesslog.enabled=true### The access log pattern:server.tomcat.accesslog.pattern=%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b %D %{User-Agent}i %{Request-Source}i### The directory of access log:server.tomcat.basedir=file:.#*************** Access Control Related Configurations ***************#### If enable spring security, this option is deprecated in 1.2.0:#spring.security.enabled=false### The ignore urls of auth, is deprecated in 1.2.0:nacos.security.ignore.urls=/,/error,/**/*.css,/**/*.js,/**/*.html,/**/*.map,/**/*.svg,/**/*.png,/**/*.ico,/console-ui/public/**,/v1/auth/**,/v1/console/health/**,/actuator/**,/v1/console/server/**### The auth system to use, currently only 'nacos' and 'ldap' is supported:nacos.core.auth.system.type=nacos### If turn on auth system:nacos.core.auth.enabled=false### Turn on/off caching of auth information. By turning on this switch, the update of auth information would have a 15 seconds delay.nacos.core.auth.caching.enabled=true### Since 1.4.1, Turn on/off white auth for user-agent: nacos-server, only for upgrade from old version.nacos.core.auth.enable.userAgentAuthWhite=false### Since 1.4.1, worked when nacos.core.auth.enabled=true and nacos.core.auth.enable.userAgentAuthWhite=false.### The two properties is the white list for auth and used by identity the request from other server.nacos.core.auth.server.identity.key=serverIdentitynacos.core.auth.server.identity.value=security### worked when nacos.core.auth.system.type=nacos### The token expiration in seconds:nacos.core.auth.plugin.nacos.token.expire.seconds=18000### The default token:nacos.core.auth.plugin.nacos.token.secret.key=SecretKey012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789### worked when nacos.core.auth.system.type=ldap，{0} is Placeholder,replace login username#nacos.core.auth.ldap.url=ldap://localhost:389#nacos.core.auth.ldap.basedc=dc=example,dc=org#nacos.core.auth.ldap.userDn=cn=admin,${nacos.core.auth.ldap.basedc}#nacos.core.auth.ldap.password=admin#nacos.core.auth.ldap.userdn=cn={0},dc=example,dc=org#*************** Istio Related Configurations ***************#### If turn on the MCP server:nacos.istio.mcp.server.enabled=false#*************** Core Related Configurations ***************#### set the WorkerID manually# nacos.core.snowflake.worker-id=### Member-MetaData# nacos.core.member.meta.site=# nacos.core.member.meta.adweight=# nacos.core.member.meta.weight=### MemberLookup### Addressing pattern category, If set, the priority is highest# nacos.core.member.lookup.type=[file,address-server]## Set the cluster list with a configuration file or command-line argument# nacos.member.list=192.168.16.101:8847?raft_port=8807,192.168.16.101?raft_port=8808,192.168.16.101:8849?raft_port=8809## for AddressServerMemberLookup# Maximum number of retries to query the address server upon initialization# nacos.core.address-server.retry=5## Server domain name address of [address-server] mode# address.server.domain=jmenv.tbsite.net## Server port of [address-server] mode# address.server.port=8080## Request address of [address-server] mode# address.server.url=/nacos/serverlist#*************** JRaft Related Configurations ***************#### Sets the Raft cluster election timeout, default value is 5 second# nacos.core.protocol.raft.data.election_timeout_ms=5000### Sets the amount of time the Raft snapshot will execute periodically, default is 30 minute# nacos.core.protocol.raft.data.snapshot_interval_secs=30### raft internal worker threads# nacos.core.protocol.raft.data.core_thread_num=8### Number of threads required for raft business request processing# nacos.core.protocol.raft.data.cli_service_thread_num=4### raft linear read strategy. Safe linear reads are used by default, that is, the Leader tenure is confirmed by heartbeat# nacos.core.protocol.raft.data.read_index_type=ReadOnlySafe### rpc request timeout, default 5 seconds# nacos.core.protocol.raft.data.rpc_request_timeout_ms=5000#*************** Distro Related Configurations ***************#### Distro data sync delay time, when sync task delayed, task will be merged for same data key. Default 1 second.# nacos.core.protocol.distro.data.sync.delayMs=1000### Distro data sync timeout for one sync data, default 3 seconds.# nacos.core.protocol.distro.data.sync.timeoutMs=3000### Distro data sync retry delay time when sync data failed or timeout, same behavior with delayMs, default 3 seconds.# nacos.core.protocol.distro.data.sync.retryDelayMs=3000### Distro data verify interval time, verify synced data whether expired for a interval. Default 5 seconds.# nacos.core.protocol.distro.data.verify.intervalMs=5000### Distro data verify timeout for one verify, default 3 seconds.# nacos.core.protocol.distro.data.verify.timeoutMs=3000### Distro data load retry delay when load snapshot data failed, default 30 seconds.# nacos.core.protocol.distro.data.load.retryDelayMs=30000##################################################################找到配置文件的如下内容处，取消掉前边的注释#标识，同时修改数据库配置信息为自己的实际配置信息，主要是修改数据库访问账号和密码。
2.4 运行nacos镜像
执行以下命令运行nacos镜像，同时映射本地配置文件。
docker run -d -e MODE=standalone -e PREFER_HOST_MODE=hostname -e JVM_XMS=256m -e JVM_XMX=256m -p 8848:8848 -p 7848:7848 -p 9848:9848 -p 9849:9849 -v /mnt/docker_data/nacos/conf/application.properties:/home/nacos/conf/application.properties --name nacos nacos/nacos-server2.5 测试验证
在浏览器中打开http://XXXX:8848/nacos打开nacos管理页面，在配置管理-配置列表添加配置信息。添加完毕后，打开mysql数据库中的config_info表，如果表中保存了新添加的配置信息，说明配置成功，数据保存到数据库了。
新时代农民工